Natural deduction is a formal system in logic used to derive conclusions from premises using a set of inference rules. It was developed in the mid-20th century and is widely used in mathematical logic, philosophy, and computer science. The main idea behind natural deduction is to model how humans typically reason about propositions and their relationships. In natural deduction, a proof is structured as a sequence of statements, where each statement is either an assumption (premise) or a conclusion derived from previous statements using inference rules.
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