Parallel tempering, also known as replica exchange Monte Carlo (REMC), is a computational technique used primarily in statistical mechanics, molecular dynamics, and optimization problems. The method is designed to improve the sampling of systems with complex energy landscapes, making it particularly useful for systems that exhibit significant barriers between different states. ### Key Concepts: 1. **Simultaneous Simulations**: In parallel tempering, multiple replicas (copies) of the system are simulated simultaneously at different temperatures.
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