A Penrose diagram, also known as a conformal diagram, is a two-dimensional depiction of the causal structure of spacetime in the context of general relativity. It is named after the physicist Roger Penrose, who developed this diagrammatic representation to help visualize complex features of spacetime, especially in the vicinity of black holes and cosmological models.
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A Penrose diagram conformally compactifies a spacetime while preserving causal directions, placing null infinity, timelike infinity, spacelike infinity, horizons, and singularities at finite coordinate locations.