Plateau–Rayleigh instability

Plateau–Rayleigh instability refers to a phenomenon that occurs when a fluid column or a liquid jet becomes unstable and breaks up into smaller droplets or fragments. This instability is named after the works of Joseph Plateau and Lord Rayleigh, who studied the behavior of liquids and the formation of droplets. The instability occurs under certain conditions, primarily due to surface tension forces acting on the fluid. When a liquid column is perturbed, surface tension works to minimize the surface area of the liquid.