Rotational components of strong ground motions

Rotational components of strong ground motions refer to the rotational movements (such as roll, pitch, and yaw) that occur during an earthquake. While traditional seismic data primarily focuses on translational ground motion along horizontal and vertical axes (i.e., the accelerations that are usually recorded by seismometers), the rotational components are less commonly measured but can provide important insights into the behavior of structures during seismic events.