Seiberg duality is a powerful theoretical concept in quantum field theory and string theory, named after Nathan Seiberg, who introduced it in the context of supersymmetric gauge theories. It reveals interesting dualities between certain types of supersymmetric gauge theories, effectively showing that two seemingly different theories can describe the same underlying physics.
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Seiberg duality states that two different N=1 supersymmetric gauge theories flow to the same infrared quantum field theory. Gauge-invariant operators, global symmetries, 't Hooft anomalies and deformations match even though the ultraviolet gauge groups and elementary fields differ.