Seismic anisotropy refers to the variation of seismic wave speeds in different directions within a material. This phenomenon is important in geophysics and materials science because it indicates that the physical properties of a rock or material are not uniform; instead, they change based on the direction in which the seismic waves are traveling. In geological contexts, seismic anisotropy often arises due to the alignment of minerals, layering of rocks, or the presence of fractures and faults.
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