Shear wave splitting, also known as shear wave birefringence, is a phenomenon that occurs when seismic shear waves (S-waves) travel through anisotropic materials—those whose properties vary with direction. This effect is significant in geophysics, particularly in seismology, as it provides valuable information about the subsurface structures of the Earth. When shear waves enter an anisotropic medium, they split into two polarized waves that propagate at different speeds and in different directions.
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