Signed network

A signed network is a type of graph in which the edges (or links) between nodes (or vertices) can have positive or negative weights. These weights reflect different types of relationships or interactions between the nodes, where positive weights might represent friendly or supportive interactions, while negative weights could indicate hostile or adversarial relationships. Signed networks are used in various fields such as sociology, biology, and information science to analyze and model complex systems that involve both positive and negative relationships.