Superdense coding is a quantum communication protocol that allows two parties to communicate more information than is typically possible using classical bits. It is based on the principles of quantum mechanics, particularly the phenomenon of entanglement. In superdense coding, two parties (often referred to as Alice and Bob) share an entangled pair of qubits.
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Superdense coding uses a shared Bell state to communicate two classical bits by transmitting one qubit. The sender selects one of the four Bell states with a local Pauli operation, and the receiver performs a Bell-basis measurement.