Tests of special relativity refer to experiments and observations designed to verify the predictions made by Albert Einstein's theory of special relativity, which was published in 1905. Special relativity fundamentally changed our understanding of space and time, introducing concepts such as the constancy of the speed of light, time dilation, length contraction, and the equivalence of mass and energy (E=mc²).
Rayleigh and Brace conducted important experiments related to the study of sound, particularly in the context of acoustics and wave propagation, although they are primarily known for different contributions. **Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh)**: Lord Rayleigh is renowned for his work in various areas of physics, including the study of sound. One of his notable contributions is the investigation of sound waves, and he developed theories concerning the propagation of sound in different media.
The Kaufmann–Bucherer–Neumann experiments, conducted in the early 20th century, were pivotal in the field of experimental physics, specifically in the study of high-energy electrons and their interaction with electromagnetic fields. These experiments aimed to measure the charge-to-mass ratio of the electron with high precision. The experiments involved the deflection of cathode rays (streams of electrons) in electric and magnetic fields.
The Trouton-Rankine experiment is a physics experiment that was designed to test the theory of electromagnetism and the rigidity of materials, specifically within the context of the ether theory that was prevalent before the advent of Einstein's theory of relativity. Conducted by Frederick Trouton and his assistant John A. Rankine in the early 20th century, the experiment aimed to measure the torque exerted on a charged, rotating disk in an electric field.
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