The Toric code is a type of topological quantum error-correcting code that was introduced by Alexei Kitaev in 2003. It is designed to protect quantum information from errors that can occur due to decoherence and other noise in quantum systems. The Toric code is notable for its ability to provide fault-tolerant quantum computation and is particularly significant in the field of quantum computing.
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The toric code has commuting star and plaquette stabilizers. Its electric and magnetic excitations are bosons with mutual-semion statistics, and their fusion is a fermion.