The Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) is a NASA spacecraft that was launched on June 30, 2001, and operated until August 2010. Its primary mission was to measure the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB), which is the afterglow of the Big Bang and provides crucial information about the early universe.
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A space mission that mapped the temperature and polarization of the cosmic microwave background. Its nine-year analysis separates foreground emission from the microwave sky signal and fits cosmological models to the resulting maps. Combined-data fits additionally use other observations; they are not measurements from microwave maps alone.[ref]
Nine-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Final Maps and Results by C. L. Bennett and others. Version 1 abstract, maps, foreground separation and combined-data fits
