Classification of a real complex-circle equation

ID: classification-of-a-real-complex-circle-equation

For real and complex , if , completing the square gives . A positive right side gives a circle; zero gives a single point; a negative value gives the empty set. If and , the equation is the straight line . If , it describes the whole complex plane when , and the empty set otherwise. Thus unrestricted coefficients require both the single-point and whole-plane degeneracies.

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