Coercive Neumann energy with a positive reaction term

ID: coercive-neumann-energy-with-a-positive-reaction-term

A symmetric uniformly elliptic divergence-form energy with zeroth-order coefficient at least controls the full norm, including constants. Its quadratic energy minus a bounded load has a unique minimizer by the direct method, and vanishing first variation gives the natural Neumann weak equation. Unlike a pure Neumann Laplacian, this problem needs no zero-mean compatibility condition. The exact energy difference from the weak solution is half the bilinear energy of the difference.

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