Cohomology ring of a torus

ID: cohomology-ring-of-a-torus

Cohomology ring of a torus by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-06 Updated 2026-10-07
Since is a product of circles, the Künneth theorem identifies its cohomology ring with the exterior algebra on the coordinate degree-one classes. Inversion negates each integral degree-one class, so it acts as in degree . Even in characteristic two, each degree-one class has square zero.

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