Connected complement of a product of proper subsets
ID: connected-complement-of-a-product-of-proper-subsets
Suppose are nonempty connected spaces, and , are proper subsets. Then , with its subspace topology from the product topology, is a connected space. No closed set or open set hypothesis on is needed.
Choose , . The two topological subspaces and are homeomorphic to the factors, intersect at , and lie in . Their union is a connected subset . Every has or . In the first case its entire vertical copy lies in and meets ; in the second case the horizontal copy does so. Thus is a connected union with a connected hub.
Both properness assumptions are needed for this general result. Taking , and gives the two disjoint open half-planes and , a separation of a topological space of the complement.
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