 Cost-effectiveness acceptability curve

A cost-effectiveness acceptability curve displays the probability of positive incremental net monetary benefit as a function of the willingness-to-pay threshold. Under a posterior distribution this is a posterior probability. A frequentist paired bootstrap version displays the fraction of replicates for which the net benefit is positive, a resampling measure of uncertainty rather than literally a probability that a fixed true parameter is positive. Using the sign of net benefit handles all quadrants of the cost-effectiveness plane; counting only replicates whose ratio is below the threshold does not.