Crossing lemma for multigraphs

ID: crossing-lemma-for-multigraphs

Here a loopless multigraph has vertices, edges, and at most parallel edges per pair. In a minimum-crossing drawing, crossings between incident edges can be removed by exchanging their initial segments, so every crossing involves four distinct vertices. For each parallel class choose an edge with probability per edge, with the remaining probability choosing none. Retain vertices independently with probability . The sampled simple graph has expected edge count , expected vertex count , and expected crossing count . Deleting one edge per crossing and using the planar graph edge bound gives . Choose .

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