Faithfulness criterion for a block representation of the cyclic group of order four

ID: faithfulness-criterion-for-a-block-representation-of-the-cyclic-group-of-order-four

For real , this matrix defines a group representation of exactly when . Indeed its lower block satisfies , so exactly when . If , , so its order is four and the representation is faithful. If , its order is exactly two and the kernel of a group homomorphism is , giving an unfaithful representation. Other values do not give representations at all, including , when the proposed matrix is singular.

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