Hohmann transfer compared with a slow spiral

ID: hohmann-transfer-compared-with-a-slow-spiral

For , the sum of the two Hohmann transfer impulse magnitudes minus the integrated thrust per mass in a quasi-circular spiral transfer is
It is negative because is equivalent to . Thus the Hohmann transfer uses less ideal total impulse for any strictly outward pair of coplanar circular orbits. This comparison does not optimize over all other transfer families.

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