Identity augmentation in quantum controllability

ID: identity-augmentation-in-quantum-controllability

For , suppose a skew-Hermitian Lie algebra becomes all of after adding the scalar identity direction. Scalar matrices commute, so is contained in . If contains any nonzero-trace generator, subtracting its traceless part supplies , and was already all of . This permits using identity-augmented commutator calculations without assuming an additional physical identity control.

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