Liquid air is a cryogenic liquid mixture produced from atmospheric gases, chiefly nitrogen and oxygen. It does not behave as a pure substance with a single composition-independent boiling temperature.
Because its components have different volatilities, evaporation changes the mixture's composition. Fractional distillation uses that difference to separate major atmospheric gases, linking phase equilibrium with industrial gas production.
Liquid air is air that has been cooled to extremely low temperatures, typically around -196 degrees Celsius (-321 degrees Fahrenheit), at which point it becomes a liquid. At this temperature, the major components of air—mainly nitrogen (about 78%), oxygen (about 21%), and small amounts of noble gases and other trace elements—liquefy.
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