 Liquid phase exfoliation

Separating a layered material into dispersed thin flakes by mechanical processing in a liquid. For graphite, liquid choice, shear or sonication, classification and recovery jointly control the graphene flake distribution. Preserving the lattice does not guarantee a high monolayer yield or a clean final electrode.^[ref]

Liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) is a technique used to produce thin layers or nanosheets of materials, typically two-dimensional (2D) materials like graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), and other layered materials. This method involves dispersing bulk materials in a suitable liquid medium and subjecting them to mechanical forces that facilitate the separation of layers.