Nondeterministic Space is Closed Under Complementation by Neil Immerman
ID: nondeterministic-space-is-closed-under-complementation-by-neil-immerman
By Neil Immerman. SIAM Journal on Computing 17(5), 935–938, 1988.
Author-hosted primary paper: people.cs.umass.edu/~immerman/pub/space.pdf
Theorem 1 and Lemmas 1–2 establish complement closure by counting reachable configurations and verifying complete reachable-set enumeration.
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