One-sided impulse torque on a disk
ID: one-sided-impulse-torque-on-a-disk
Multiply encounter mass flux by specific angular-momentum gain . The net disk torque replaces by , so a symmetric mass density gives zero net torque. For constant surface density, Keplerian shear and the full-flyby value , the one-sided coefficient is in , matching the primary coplanar impulse normalization.
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