Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-algebra-analysis-and-differential-equations-1-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2009/6/solution

The two bounding circles meet at zero and one, which the Möbius transformation sends to zero and infinity. They therefore become straight lines through zero. More explicitly write , so . The two disk inequalities become
Since , these say . Thus
The positive real axis belongs to the image because , fixing which sector is intended. Cubing maps this sector bijectively onto the right half-plane: its argument interval of width becomes . The Cayley transform between the half-plane and disk then maps that half-plane bijectively onto the unit disk. Hence a holomorphic bijection is
Every denominator is nonzero on the corresponding domain, and the sector width ensures the power map is injective. This is the conformal map of a symmetric circular lens.

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