 Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-chemistry-a-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2023/paper-2/a8/a/ii/solution

f_{i} = \frac{q _{i}}{V}, c_{i} = \frac{N _{i}}{V} .

Then

μ_{i} = ε^{0, i} - k_{B} T ln \frac{f _{i}}{c _{i}} .

Both

f_{i}

and

c_{i}

have units of inverse volume, so their ratio is dimensionless. If concentrations are specified in moles per volume instead, replace

c_{i}

in this microscopic expression by

N_{A}

times that molar concentration, with consistent volume units.

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