Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-computer-science-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2019/quantum-information/2/b/ii/solution

Here . Keeping that complex conjugation, the joint amplitude is
Hence . The cancellation is destructive quantum interference between the two source components, not the absence of either local outcome. Each local outcome individually has probability , since each reduced density matrix is . Omitting the conjugation in the second bra would turn the cancellation into reinforcement and give the wrong answer.

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