 Solution

Use an involution with exactly one fixed point:The first conjunct makes every orbit of the function $f$ have size one or two. The second says precisely one orbit has size one. A finite model therefore has $1+2m$ elements, an odd number.

Conversely, on any set of size $2m+1$, fix one element and partition the remaining $2m$ elements into pairs; let $f$ swap the two members of each pair. This defines a model of $\varphi$. The case $m=0$ gives a one-element model. Thus the finite model sizes are exactly the positive odd integers.