Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2002/ib/paper-2/13g/a/i/solution

By the covering condition, belongs to . The empty set belongs to as the empty union. An arbitrary union of sets that are themselves unions of members of is still a union of members of . Thus contains and is closed under arbitrary unions, as required for a topology.

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