Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2003/iii/paper-33/2/c/ii/solution

Apply the two-variable Itô formula to . The independent Brownian motions satisfy , while the two diagonal second derivatives sum to zero. Consequently
Thus is a continuous local martingale, but it is not Brownian motion. Brownian motion from any fixed starting point has quadratic variation . If the displayed bracket were identically , differentiating its continuous density would force for every , hence identically, an event of probability zero. This is the cosine-exponential Brownian local martingale. Its initial value is retained in the next part.

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