Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2004/ib/paper-3/14f/ii/solution

A proper finite-index subgroup of a torsion-free group cannot be a direct summand when the complement is a subgroup of that same free abelian group. Indeed, if , every has because the quotient has order eighteen. But also , so by the trivial intersection. The ambient group is torsion-free, forcing and hence . This would give , contrary to index eighteen. Thus is not a direct summand.

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