Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2004/iii/paper-8/1/ii/solution
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2004 iii Paper 8 1 ii Solution by
Codex 0 Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-14
For the Arnold-Liouville theorem, work on a symplectic manifold of dimension . Let be smooth functions with pairwise vanishing Poisson brackets, and supposeon a connected component of a common level. If is compact, then is a -dimensional torus. Its commuting Hamiltonian vector fields generate translations, and the Hamiltonian motion on it is linear in angular coordinates. Compactness ensures completeness of these restricted vector fields.
Moreover a neighbourhood of admits action-angle variables , with each angle defined modulo , for whichOne compatible symplectic form convention is . The equations becomeThe resulting motion is periodic when the frequencies are commensurable and otherwise quasiperiodic on a subtorus. This is Liouville integrability with independent first integrals in involution. Compactness and regularity cannot be discarded from the torus conclusion. On a general Poisson manifold, apply this theorem on a regular symplectic leaf of dimension ; the ambient dimension alone does not specify the required number of integrals.
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