Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2005/iii/paper-28/7/i/solution

The Von Mangoldt function is supported on prime powers:
Write . A convenient form of the Siegel–Walfisz theorem is: for every fixed , uniformly for and ,
The implied constant can be ineffective because of possible Siegel zeros; the modulus bound is logarithmic, not an unrestricted uniformity assertion.
Apply this to modulus five and separate the reduced residue classes:
The last sum is : only powers of five can contribute in the zero residue class. By the orthogonality of roots of unity,
since two is coprime to five and the sum including vanishes. As , the Siegel–Walfisz theorem yields
The sum is complex-valued, but the displayed error controls its absolute difference from the real main term.

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