Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2005/iii/paper-4/5/ii/solution

For the nilpotent matrix , define the polynomial . Because , differentiating gives . The derivative of the preserved bilinear form matrix is therefore
It is a constant matrix polynomial, equal to at . Evaluation at one proves
Also is the inverse of by the finite exponential product identity, so this really is an invertible isometry, even when is degenerate.

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