Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2007/iii/paper-46/1/b/solution

The control attendance rate is approximately per child-year. Assuming that rate is roughly constant over the first five years, expected attendance count is . A crude rare-event approximation gives about a 22% chance of at least one attendance.
A constant-rate Poisson process instead gives
Thus roughly one child in five is the appropriate order of magnitude. An attendance rate counts recurrent attendances, whereas a first-attendance risk counts children. The aggregate rate alone does not identify that risk without assumptions about recurrence and age-specific incidence; the Poisson conversion makes those assumptions explicit.

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