Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2007/iii/paper-7/2/i/solution

Identify with a subgroup of and adjoin one new point , fixed by every element of . A one-point extension of a permutation group is a transitive subgroup whose point stabilizer at is exactly this embedded copy of . Equivalently, one may use an isomorphic permutation representation with a distinguished point whose stabilizer acts on the remaining points as the original group.
Since is transitive on , the extension is doubly transitive group action. The orbit-stabilizer theorem gives the useful necessary order condition

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