Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2008/ia/paper-2/10f/i/solution

Put and track the difference between the numbers of wins. It is a biased random walk with increments and , stopped on first reaching or .
To finish at on game five, there must be four wins for and one for , with the final game won by . The unique loss for can be in position one, two or three. If it were in position four or five, the first three games would already have stopped the contest. Each of the three allowed paths remains strictly inside the barriers until the last step and has probability . By interchanging players, there are also three paths ending at , each with probability . Therefore
For a fair game this is . Counting all five-game sequences with final win difference three would overcount paths on which the contest ended earlier.

New to topics? Read the docs here!