Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2008/iii/paper-36/3/b/solution

Put . The neighborhood assumptions at zero and infinity mean that is a bounded hull away from the starting boundary point. For , the conjugacy map is the hydrodynamically normalized mapping-out function of the remaining forbidden hull after removing . Its closure avoids the driver, so the boundary derivative is an excursion avoidance probability yields . Thus , and the bounded local martingale criterion makes the localized martingales uniformly bounded and uniformly integrable.
Choose localization times , also bounded by . Optional stopping gives . The supplied terminal limit and continuity of the power function give
Since these variables are bounded by one, dominated convergence yields
As usual for a chord starting at zero, the time-zero point is understood as the boundary prime end of ; the avoidance assertion concerns the subsequent curve. The boundedness step is what upgrades the local martingale calculation to an equality of probabilities.

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