Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2009/iii/paper-27/4/a/solution

Use the normalized Fricke involution , and let . Choose integers with . The matrix lies in , and has determinant one and lies in , with . The displayed identity in the PDF reads . Taking double cosets therefore identifies the reversed correspondence with the diamond operator times the original one. Conjugation by reverses the two diagonal entries, so
The same finite-correspondence change of variables in the Petersson inner product transfers a matrix to its inverse and yields . The diamond operators commute with , so . Thus is a normal operator. Multiplying by a nonzero scalar does not change the conjugation formula.

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