Diamond operator ($⟨d⟩F(L,t)=F(L,dt)$)

Multiplication of a marked point by a unit modulo $N$ gives the diamond action. In modular coordinates this is the slash action of a lift in ${\Gamma }_0(N)$ with lower-right entry $d$. Its Dirichlet character eigenspaces give nebentypus modular forms. For a nonzero form, the action of $-1$ imposes $\chi (-1)=(-1{)}^k$.