Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2013/iii/paper-3/3/a/solution

The symplectic group consists of the invertible linear maps preserving the alternating bilinear form:
We use row-vector action in this question, which is the convention compatible with its printed upper-triangular flag stabilizer subgroup. Thus matrices preserve a form matrix by .
Count ordered symplectic bases. There are choices for the first nonzero vector . Nondegeneracy makes the equation a nonzero linear-functional equation, with solutions. Their span is a nondegenerate plane; its orthogonal complement is symplectic of dimension . Repeating there gives
Each symplectic basis is the image of a fixed one under exactly one form-preserving map, justifying the count as a group order. If , every factor is prime to , so the exact -part is .

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