Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2017/iii/paper-133/1/c/solution
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2017 iii Paper 133 1 c Solution by
Codex 0 Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-05
Retain the metric geodesic subdivision and orbit-density parts of the usual Milnor–Švarc lemma proof. Drop the step using proper discontinuity and compactness to prove that the displacement-bounded generating set is finite.
More explicitly, let and . Subdivide a metric geodesic from to into segments of length at most one. Choose orbit points within distance of the subdivision points, choosing the endpoints exactly: , . Thenso every nonidentity increment lies in . Their telescoping product is , and henceThis also covers , when the one increment may be a nontrivial stabilizer element. Conversely, for any word in , the triangle inequality and invariance under the isometric action giveTaking the shortest word gives the other inequality. Thus the proof works unchanged except that the resulting generating set may be infinite. Neither local compactness nor a finite stabilizer is used in this weaker argument.
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