Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2018/iii/paper-203/3/a/i/solution

For real test functions , the Dirichlet inner product in the normalization compatible with the logarithmic Green kernel is
Its norm measures gradient energy rather than the values of the functions. A change of variables shows that this energy is invariant under planar conformal maps: the squared derivative in the transformation of the gradient cancels the area Jacobian determinant.

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