Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2021/ib/paper-1/6h/c/solution

The estimator is unbiased for because the independent random variables satisfy . Given , all placements of the successes are equally likely, so
Thus the Rao-Blackwellized estimator is
It is unbiased by the tower property. Since and , the event has positive probability, and conditionally on it takes both zero and one with positive probability. Hence , so the new estimator has strictly smaller variance.

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