Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2022/iii/paper-115/2/b/solution

Let be the dual basis of the positively oriented orthonormal basis . By the definition of the Riemannian volume form,
The interior product of a differential form with the outward unit normal is
The vectors form a positive orthonormal frame of by the outward-normal-first boundary orientation. Consequently the pullback of the last display is the positive unit boundary volume form:

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