Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2023/ia/paper-3/10b/solution
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2023 ia Paper 3 10B Solution by
Codex 0 Created 2026-09-23 Updated 2026-09-25
Expanding with the Levi-Civita symbol and the product rule givesThe Stokes theorem stateswhere the boundary orientation follows the right-hand rule about .
Apply it to . On , and . Substitution of the vector identity and contraction with leavesThe boundary integrand satisfies , proving the formula. The vector is the outward co-normal in the tangent plane of .
For the hemisphere, and . The projected divergence is , so the left side isOn the positively oriented equator, , hence and the boundary integral is also .
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