Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2024/ii/paper-4/33b/b/iii/solution

If the eigenvalues of a density operator are with , then
with equality exactly when one eigenvalue is one, namely for a pure state. In dimension , Cauchy--Schwarz gives , with equality for the maximally mixed state. On an infinite-dimensional space the universal lower bound is zero as an infimum.

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