Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2025/ib/paper-4/17h/c/solution

Put and . Test (a) accepts inside the disc
whereas is the projection of onto the unit vector
If , then is the corresponding quantile. Since a variable is stochastically larger than a variable, . Choose a point on that unit-vector line with squared radius strictly between and . A whole open neighborhood then makes (b) reject while (a) accepts. The joint normal density of is strictly positive everywhere for every true , so this neighborhood always has positive probability.

New to topics? Read the docs here!